Let \(C\) be the circle \(x^2+y^2=4\) in the plane \(z=3\), counterclockwise seen from above, and \(\mathbf F=\langle -y,x,z\rangle\). Compute \(\oint_C\mathbf F\cdot d\mathbf r\).
\(\nabla\times\mathbf F=\langle0,0,2\rangle\); over the disk \(x^2+y^2\le4\) at \(z=3\) the flux is \(2\cdot4\pi=8\pi\). The value of \(z\) changes nothing.
Stokes' theorem relates the circulation of a field \(\mathbf F\) along the closed curve \(C\) bounding an oriented surface \(S\) to the flux of the curl of \(\mathbf F\) through \(S\).